NutriClean^® 7-Day Cleansing System*

• Helps maintain digestive health
• Promotes liver and colon health
• Supports overall health by helping to maintain normal cholesterol levels, helping to maintain normal blood glucose levels and promoting immune health
• Assists with healthy nutrient absorption
• Helps to cleanse and detoxify the liver

GoTrim^® Nutrition Shake – Chocolate & Vanilla

• 19 grams of protein and 10 grams of fiber per serving
• Optimal balance of carbohydrates, fats and protein
• Great taste
• High in calcium
• No trans fats

GoTrim^® Core; Fat & Carb Inhibitor*

• Helps promote weight loss
• Supports leptin sensitivity, which may help to manage hunger and stimulate lipolysis
• May help to reduce fat stores in the body
• Promotes reduction in body mass index (BMI)
• Inhibits the amylase enzyme and slows the absorption of carbohydrates into the bloodstream
• Helps maintain normal blood sugar levels

Isotonix^® Daily Essential Packets

Isotonix OPC-3^® *

• Promotes cardiovascular health PLUS:
  • Helps maintain healthy cholesterol & blood glucose levels
  • Helps maintain healthy circulation by strengthening capillaries, arteries and veins
  • Promotes healthy blood vessel dilation
• Promotes joint health

Isotonix^® Multivitamin*

• Contains 100% or more of the Recommended Daily Value of essential vitamins & minerals
• Supports a strong immune system
• Supplements dietary deficiencies

Isotonix^® Calcium Plus*

• Supports skeletal health
• Promotes normal regulation of enzyme & hormone production
• Supports cardiovascular health

Isotonix Activated B-Complex*

• Increases energy & fuels optimal energy production
• Promotes a healthy nervous system, bone marrow & intestinal tract
• Promotes cardiovascular health
• Maintains healthy levels of serotonin, thereby decreasing stress & improving mood

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product(s) is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Gluten-Free - The finished product contains no detectable gluten (<10ppm gluten)

Quality Standards - GMP Operations and Standardized Ingredients

Checked For: Heavy Metals, Microbiological Contaminants, Allergens, Residual Solvents, Potency, Purity and Identity

1. Who should use the 30-Day Jump-Start Kit?
   Anyone who is looking for an easy-to-follow, cost-effective, all-inclusive kit that promotes optimal body composition and addresses the essentials of effective weight loss. Whether you need to tone up, lose weight or want to jumpstart a longer weight loss journey — the 30-Day Jump-Start Kit is for you.*
   
   
2. How do I use the 30-Day Jump-Start Kit?
   During Phase 1, take the NutriClean^® Cleansing System, Isotonix^® Daily Essentials Packets and GoTrim^® Core Fat & Carb Inhibitor supplements. In Phase 2, use the GoTrim^® Nutrition Shakes as snacks and continue taking the Isotonix Daily Essentials Packets and GoTrim^® Core Fat & Carb Inhibitor supplements. For best results, use in conjunction with the 30-Day Jump-Start Guide. Follow the nutritional directive outlined in the Guide and take supplements as directed.
   
   
3. How does GoTrim^® Core Fat & Carb Inhibitor support weight management?
   GoTrim^® Core Fat & Carb Inhibitor enhances your weight loss efforts with its active ingredient, white kidney bean extract. White kidney bean extract inhibits the enzymes that normally breakdown starch into glucose within the small intestine. White kidney bean extract uses a calculated approach to affect the utilization of carbohydrates once they enter the body, helping to inhibit the absorption of carbohydrates. This gives you an advantage by minimizing the effects of surplus carbohydrates that are waiting to be converted into fat within the body.*
   
   GoTrim^® Core Fat & Carb Inhibitor also contains Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) fruit extract, which is cultivated throughout South America as a food and for its health properties. Bitter melon is known for its health properties and its role in maintaining normal blood sugar levels. Charatin, one of several constituents in better melon, is believed to act as its primary mechanism to helping the body maintain normal blood sugar levels.* 
   
   
4. How do I use NutriClean^® 7-Day Cleansing System?
   You need to be sure that you are able to fully commit to the system for seven consecutive days. In the mornings, two hours after your first meal of the day, take two Release tablets (from the blister pack.) Also, drink 8 fluid ounces of the NutriClean Advanced Fiber Powder Drink Mix (mixing as directed). Throughout the day, be sure to drink plenty of water and other fluids (a minimum of 32 ounces, optimally 64 ounces per day). At bedtime, take the entire contents of one daily packet, which includes two Release tablets and two HepatoCleanse capsules. Repeat this cycle for seven consecutive days, taking the tablets/fiber/capsules at the same time each day.
   
   
5. How do GoTrim^® Nutrition Shakes assist with weight loss?
   GoTrim^® Nutrition Shakes provide a source of quality protein to promote a feeling of fullness, helping you stay away from junk foods.
   
   
6. Why do I need to take a multivitamin?
   A good quality vitamin and mineral supplement creates a sound micronutrient foundation to accompany a balanced diet. Vitamins and minerals help to support a healthy immune system, promote the conversion of food into energy, support a healthy cardiovascular system, support strong bones, promote mental clarity, help maintain normal metabolic functioning, promote healthy growth and repair of tissues, help maintain normal blood pressure and help maintain water and electrolyte balance in the body.*
   
   
7. Why are Isotonix^® supplements better than standard supplements?
   Isotonix formulas are more effective than standard supplement formulas because they offer efficient delivery of vitamins, minerals and nutrients into the bloodstream. The stomach has very little work to do because the pH and tonicity are carefully designed to allow the stomach to quickly release all the nutrients into the small intestine.*
   
   
8. Do I have to exercise to see results? 
   In Phase 1 exercise is not recommended, but during Phase 2 exercise is essential. As with most weight loss supplements, these products are designed to be taken in conjunction with a healthy diet and exercise. The steady loss of body fat combined with a steady increase in muscle tissue, achieved through proper nutrition and exercise, is the proven method for achieving weight loss and fitness goals.

NutriClean^® 7-Day Cleansing System

• Agarwal K et al. Feasibility studies to control acute diarrhea in children by feeding fermented milk preparations Actimel and Indian Dahi. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 56(Supplement 4): S56-S59, 2002.
• Arunachalam K et al. Enhancement of natural immune function by dietary consumption of Bifidobacterium lactis (HN019). European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 54(3):263-7, 2000.
  
• Brighenti F et al. Effect of consumption of a ready-to-eat breakfast cereal containing inulin on the intestinal milieu and blood lipids in healthy male volunteers. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 53(9):726-733, 1999.
• Cashman K. A prebiotic substance persistently enhances intestinal calcium absorption and increases bone mineralization in young adolescents. Nutrition Reviews. 64: 189-96, 2006.
• Cetinkaya, A., et al. N-Acetylcysteine Ameliorates Methotrexate-Induced Oxidative Liver Damage in Rats. Medical Science Monitor. 12(8): 274-278, 2006.
• Cummings J et al. A study of fructo oligosaccharides in the prevention of travellers' diarrhoea. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 15:1139-1145, 2001.
• Cunningham-Rundles S et al. Probiotics and immune response. American Journal of Gastroenterology. 95(1 Suppl):S22-5, 2000.
• Davidson M et al. Effects of dietary insulin in serum lipids in men and women with hypercholesterolaemia. Nutrition Research 3:503-17, 1998.
• De Roos N et al. Effects of probiotic bacteria on diarrhea, lipid metabolism, and carcinogenesis: a review of papers published between 1988 and 1998. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 71(2):405-11, 2000.
• Evans M et al. Glutamine prevents cytokine-induced apoptosis in human colonic epithelial cells. Journal of Nutrition. 133(10):3065-3071, 2003.
• Fernandes C et al. Control of diarrhea by lactobacilli. Journal of Applied Nutrition. 40:32-43, 1988.
• Flickinger E. Glucose-based oligosaccharides exhibit different in vitro fermentation patterns and affect in vivo apparent nutrient digestibility and microbial populations in dogs. Journal of Nutrition 130:1267-73, 2000.
• Furukawa S et al. Glutamine-enhanced bacterial killing by neutrophils from postoperative patients. Nutrition. 13(10):863-869, 1997.
• Gibson G et al. Selective stimulation of bifidobacteria in the human colony by oligofructose and inulin. Gastroenterology. 108:975-982, 1995.
• Gibson G. Dietary modulation of the human gut microflora using the prebiotics oligofructose and inulin. Journal of Nutrition 129: 1438S-1441S, 1999.
• Halpern G et al. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with Lacteol Fort: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial. American Journal of Gastroenterology. 91(8):1579-1585, 1996.
• Jackson K. The effect of the daily intake of inulin on fasting lipid, insulin and glucose concentrations in middle-aged men and women. British Journal of Nutrition. 82:23-30, 1999.
• Kleessen B et al. Effects of inulin and lactose on fecal microflora, microbial activity, and bowel habit in elderly constipated persons. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 65(5):1397-1402, 1997.
• Kren, V. and Walterova, D. Silybin and Silymarin--New Effects and Applications. Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palack

Nutrition Shake

• Blomstrand E, et al, Branched-chain amino acids activate key enzymes in protein synthesis after physical exercise. J Nutr 136, (1 Suppl): 269S-73S (2006)
• Burke, G, et al, The effect of whey protein supplementation with and without creatine monohydrate combined with resistance training on lean tissue mass and muscle strength. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 11, 3:349-64 (2001)
• Meunier PJ. Calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K in the prevention of fractures due to osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 1999;9 Suppl 2:S48-52.
• Miller ER 3rd, Appel LJ, Levander OA, Levine DM. The effect of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on traditional cardiovascular risk factors. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1997 Feb;4(1):19-24.
• Nielsen FH. Ultratrace minerals. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:283-303.
• Nishi Y. Anemia and zinc deficiency in the athlete. J Am Coll Nutr. 1996 Aug;15(4):323-4.
• Ohtani M, et al, Amino acid mixture improves training efficiency in athletes. J Nutr 136, 2:538S-543S (2006)
• Rennie MJ, et al, Branched-chain amino acids as fuel and anabolic signals in human muscle. J Nutr 136, (1 Suppl): 264S-8S (2006)
• Shimomura Y, et al, Exercise promotes BCAA catabolism: effects of BCAA supplementation on skeletal muscle during exercise. J Nutr 134, (6 Suppl): 1583S-1587S (2004)
• Tipton KD, et al, Ingestion of casein and whey proteins result in muscle anabolism after resistance exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 36, 12:2073-81 (2004)
• Tokunaga K and Matsuoka A, Effects of a [FOSHU] which contains indigestible dextrin as an effective ingredient on glucose and lipid metabolism," J Japanese Diabetes Society , 42:61-65, 1999.)
• Wargovich MJ, Eng VWS, Newmark HL. Calcium inhibits the damaging and compensatory proliferative effects of fatty acids on mouse colon epithelium. Cancer Lett. 1984; 23:253-258.
• Weaver CM, Heaney RP. Calcium. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:141-155.
• West KP Jr, Pokhrel RP, Katz J, et al. Efficacy of vitamin A in reducing preschool child mortality in Nepal. Lancet. 1991; 338:67-71.
• West SG, Light KC, Hinderliter AL, et al. Potassium supplementation induces beneficial cardiovascular changes during rest and stress in salt sensitive individuals. Health Psychol. 1999; 18:229-240.
• Whelton PK, He J, Cutler JA, et al. Effects of oral potassium on blood pressure. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical triglyceride trials. JAMA. 1997; 277:1624-1632.
• Wolf RL, Cauley JA, Baker CE, et al. Factors associated with calcium absorption efficiency in pre- and perimenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72:466-471.
• Zemel MB, Shi H, Greer B, et al. Regulation of adiposity by dietary calcium. FASEB J. 2000; 14:1132-1138.

GoTrim^® Core Fat & Carb Inhibitor

• Anderson, R., et al. Chromium supplementation of human subjects: effects on glucose, insulin, and lipid variables. Metabolism. 32(9): 894-899, 1983.
• Anderson, R. Effects of chromium on body composition and weight loss. Nutrition Reviews. 56(9): 266-270, 1998.
• Blundell, J., et al. Regulation of appetite: role of leptin in signaling systems for drive and satiety. International Journal of Obesity. 25(Supplement 1): 529-534, 2001.
• Bray, G. and York, D. Clinical review 90: Leptin and clinical medicine: a new piece in the puzzle of obesity. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 82(9):2771-6, 1997.
• Cefalu, W. and Hu, F. Role of chromium in human health and in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 27: 2741- 2751, 2004.
• Celleno, L., et al. A dietary supplement containing standardized Phaseolus vulgaris extract influences body composition of overweight men and women. International Journal of Medical Sciences. 4(1):45-52, 2007.
• Di Pierro, F., et al. GreenSelect^® Phytosome as an adjunct to a low-calorie diet for treatment of obesity: a clinical trial. Alternative Medicine Review. 14:154-160, 2009.
• Flegal, K., et al. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA. 303(3):235-241, 2010.
• French, S. Effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on appetite vary depending upon site and structure. British Journal of Nutrition. 93(Supplement 1): S23-S26, 2004.
• Friedman, J. The function of leptin in nutrition, weight, and physiology. Nutrition Reviews. 60(10 Pt 2):S1-14; discussion S68-84, 85-7, 2002. Review.
• Kaats, G., et al. A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study of the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition: a replication and extension of a previous study. Current Therapeutic Research. 59(6): 379-387, 1998.
• Kuate, D., et al. The use of LeptiCore in reducing fat gain and managing weight loss in patients with metabolic syndrome. Lipids in Health and Disease. 9: 1-7, 2010.
• Martin, J., et al. Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 29(8): 1826-1832, 2006.
• Obiro, W., et al. The nutraceutical role of Phaseolus vulgaris alpha-amylase inhibitor. British Journal of Nutrition. 100: 1-12, 2008.
• Pittler, M. and Ernst, E. Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 79(4): 529-536, 2004.
• Preuss, H. and Anderson, R. Chromium update: examining recent literature 1997-1998. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 1(6): 509-512, 1998.
• Preuss H. Bean amylase inhibitor and other carbohydrate absorption blockers: effects on diabesity and general health. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 28(3):266-76, 2009.
• Qi, Y., et al. Adiponectin acts in the brain to decrease body weight. Nature Medicine. 10(5):524-9, 2004.
• Rabinovitz, H., et al. Effect of chromium supplementation on blood glucose and lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus elderly patients. International Journal of Vitamin and Nutrition Research. 74(3):178-82, 2004.
• Sinha, M. Evidence of free and bound leptin in human circulation. Studies in lean and obese subjects and during short-term fasting. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 98(6):1277-82, 1996.
• Sparti, A., et al. Effect of diets high or low in unavailable and slowly digestible carbohydrates on the pattern of 24-h substrate oxidation and feeling of hunger in humans. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 73: 1462-1468, 2000.
• TalYeh, G., et al. Systematic review of herbs and dietary supplements for glycemic control in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 26(4): 1277-1294, 2003.
• Udani J., et al. Blocking carbohydrate absorption and weight loss: a clinical trial using Phase 2 brand proprietary fractionated white bean extract. Alternative Medicine Review. 9(1):63-9, 2004.
• Udani, J and Singh B. Blocking carbohydrate absorption and weight loss: a clinical trial using a proprietary fractionated white bean extract. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 13(4):32-7, 2007.
• Wang, M., et al. Fat storage in adipocytes requires inactivation of leptin’s paracrine activity: implications for treatment of human obesity. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences USA. 102(50):18011-6, 2005.
• Zeman, M., et al. Leptin, adiponectin, leptin to adiponectin ratio and insulin resistance in depressive women. Neuro Endocrinology Letters. 30(3):387-95, 2009.

Isotonix^® Daily Essentials Packets

Isotonix OPC-3^®:

• Cesarone, M., et al. Improvement in Circulation and in Cardiovascular Risk Factors With a Proprietary Isotonic Bioflavanoid Formula OPC-3OPC-3. Journal Angiology 59: 408-414, 2008.
  
• Devaraj, S., et al. Supplementation with a pine bark extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters the plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids 37:931-4, 2002.
  
• Fine, AM, Oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes: history, structure, and phytopharmaceutical applications. Altern Med Rev 5:144-51, 2000.
• Fitzpatrick, D., et al. Endothelium-dependent vascular effects of Pycnogenol. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 32: 509-515, 1998.
• Frankel, E., et al. Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein by phenolic substances in red wine. Lancet 341: 454-7, 1993.
• Freedman, J., et al. Select flavonoids and whole juice from purple grapes inhibit platelet function and enhance nitric oxide release. Circulation 103:2792-8, 2001.
• Frémont, L. Biological effects of resveratrol. Life Sciences 66: 663-673, 2000.
• Gulati, O. Pycnogenol^® in venous disorders: a review. European Bulletin of Drug Research 7: 1-13, 1999.
• Hosseini, S., et al. Pycnogenol^® in the management of asthma. Journal of Medicinal Food 4: 201-209, 2001. HHHh
• Kohama, T., et al. The treatment of gynecological disorders with Pycnogenol^®. European Bulletin of Drug Research 7: 30-32, 1999.
• Kohama, T., et al. Analgesic efficacy of French maritime pine bark extract in dysmenorrhea. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 49: 828-32, 2004.
• Liu, X., et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 75:2505-13, 2004.
• Liu, X., et al. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 27: 839, 2004.
• Manna, S., et al. Resveratrol suppresses TNF-Induced activation of nuclear transcription factors NF-kB, activator protein-1, and apoptosis: potential role of reactive oxygen intermediates and lipid peroxidation. The Journal of Immunology 164: 6509-19, 2000.
• Maritim, A., et al. Effects of pycnogenol treatment on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17:193-9, 2003.
• Miyagi, Y., et al. Inhibition of human low-density lipoprotein oxidation by flavonoids in red wine and grape juice. Am J Cardiol 0:1627-31, 1997.
• Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry). Altern Med Rev 6:500-4, 2001.
• Murias M., et al. Resveratrol analogues as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: synthesis and structure-activity relationship. Bioorg Med Chem 12: 5571-8, 2004.
• Nuttall SL, Kendall MJ, Bombardelli E, Morazzoni P. An evaluation of the antioxidant activity of a standardized grape seed extract, Leucoselect. J Clin Pharm Ther 23: 385-89, 1998.
• Packer, L., et al. Antioxidant activity and biologic properties of a procyanidin-rich extract from pine (Pinus maritima) bark, pycnogenol. Free Radic Biol Med 27:704-24, 1999. Review.
• Rohdewald, P. A review of the French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol^®), a herbal medication with a diverse clinical pharmacology. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 40:158-68, 2002. Review.
• Rohdewald, P. Pycnogenol^®. In "Flavonoids in Health and Disease". Ed. Catherine Rice-Evans and Lester Packer. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998. 405-19.
• Roseff, S., et al. Improvement in sperm quality and function with French maritime pine tree bark extract. Journal Reproductive Medicine 47: 821-4, 2002.
• Roseff, S., et al. Improvement of sperm quality by Pycnogenol^®. European Bulletin of Drug Research 7: 33-6, 1999.
• Saito, M., et al. Antiulcer activity of grape seed extract and procyanidins. J Agric Food Chem 46: 1460-4, 1998.
• Schönlau, F., et al. Pycnogenol^® for diabetic retinopathy. International Ophthalmology 24: 161-171, 2002.
• Schönlau, F., et al. The cosmeceutical Pycnogenol^®. J Appl Cosmetology 20: 241-6, 2002.
• Segger, D. and Schönlau, F. Supplementation with Evelle^® improves skin smoothness and elasticity in a double blind, placebo-controlled study with 62 women. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 15:222-26, 2004.
• Shi, J., et al. Polyphenolics in grape seeds-biochemistry and functionality. J Med Food 6:291-9, 2003. Review.
• Sharma, S., et al. Pycnogenol^® inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells. Phytotherapy Research 17: 66-69, 2003.
• Spadea, L., et al. Treatment of vascular retinopathies with Pycnogenol^®. Phytotherapy Research 15: 219-23, 2001.
• Stein, J., et al. Purple grape juice improves endothelial function and reduces the susceptibility of LDL cholesterol to oxidation in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 100:1050-5, 1999.
• Ueda, T., et al. Preventative effect of natural and synthetic antioxidants on lipid peroxidation in the mammalian eye. Ophthalmic Res 28: 184-92, 1996.
  
• Wallerath, T., et al. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin present in red wine, enhances expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Circulation 106:1652-8, 2002.
• Watson, R. Pycnogenol^® and cardiovascular health. Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine 1: 27-32, 2003.
• Wei, Z., et al. Pycnogenol enhances endothelial cell antioxidant defense. Redox Report 3: 219-24, 1997.
• Yamakoshi, J., et al. Proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seeds attenuates the development of aortic atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis 142:139-149, 1999.
• Ames, BN, et al. Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:7915-7922, 1993.
• Bagchi, D, et al. Oxygen free radical scavenging abilities of vitamins C and E, and a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in vitro. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 95:179-89, 1997.
• Bagchi, D, et al. Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: importance in human health and disease prevention. Toxicology 148: 187-97, 2000.
• Bagchi, D, et al. Cellular protection with proanthocyanidins derived from grape seed. Ann NY Acad Sci 957:260-70, 2002.
• Cao G, Alessio H, Cultler R. Oxygen-radical absorbance capacity assay for antioxidants. Fre Rad Biol & Med 14:301-11, 1993.
• Drew B, Leeuwenburgh C. Aging and the role of reactive nitrogen species. Ann NY Acad Sci 959:66-81, 2002.
• Gibson, L, et al. Effectiveness of cranberry juice in preventing urinary tract infections in long-term care facility patients. J Naturopathic Med 2:45-47, 1991.
• Graham DY, Smith JL, Bouvet, AA. What happens to tablets in the stomach. J Pharm Sci 79:420-24, 1990.
• Havsteen B. Flavonoids, a class of natural products of high pharmacological potency. Biochem Pharm 32:1141-48, 1983.
• Halpern, MJ, et al. Red wine polyphenols and inhibition of platelet aggregation: possible mechanisms, and potential use in health promotion and disease prevention. J Int Med Res 26:171-80, 1998.
• Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Denisova NA, Bielinksi D, Martin A, McEwen JJ, Bickford PC. Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplementation. J Neuroscience 19: 8114-21, 1999.
• Kay CD, Holub BJ. The effect of wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) on post-prandial serum antioxidant status in human subjects. Br J Nutr 88: 389-98, 2002.
• Kehrer JP. Free radicals as mediators of tissue injury and disease. Crit Rev Toxicol 23:21-48, 1993.
• Koch R. Comparative study of Venostatin and Pycnogenol in chronic venous insufficiency. Phytother Res 16:S1-5, 2002.
• Koparker AD, Augsburger LL, Shangraw RF. Intrinsic dissolution rates of tablet fillers and binders and their influence on the dissolution of drugs from tablet formulations. Pharm Res 7:80-85, 1990.
• Mazza G, Kay CD, Cottrell T, Holub BJ. Absorption of anthocyanins from blueberries and serum antioxidant status in human subjects. J Agric Food Chem 50:7731-37, 2002.
• Nesaretnam K, et al. Effect of tocotrienols on the growth of a human breast cancer cell line in culture. Lipids 30:1139-43, 1995.
• Ofek I, Goldhar J, Zafriri D, Lis H, Sharon N. Anti-Escherichia coli adhesion activity of cranberry and blueberry juices. New England J Med 324:1599, 1991.
• Qureshi, A, et al. Response of hypercholesterolemic subjects to administration of tocotrienols. Lipids 30:1171-77, 1995.
• Rimbach G, Virgili F, Park YC, Packer L. Effect of procyanidins from Pinus maritime on glutathione levels in endothelial cells challenged by 3-morpholinosydnonimine or activated macrophages. Redox Rep 4:171-77, 1999.
• Sobota AE. Inhibition of bacterial adherence by cranberry juice: potential use for the treatment of urinary tract infactions. J Urology 131:1013-1016, 1984.
• Soloway MS, Smith RA. J Am Med Assoc 260:1465, 1988.
• Tomco, A, et al. Antioxidant effects of tocotrienol in patients with hyperlipidemia and carotid stenosis. Lipids 30: 1179-83, 1995.
• Zheng W, Wang SY. Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of phenolics in blueberries, cranberries, chokeberries, and lingonberries. J Agric Food Chem 51:502-9, 2003.
• Wilson D et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res. 24(8):1115-9, 2010.
• Lau B et al. Pycnogenol as an adjunct in the management of childhood asthma. J Asthma. 41(8):825-32, 2004.
• Choi YH, Yan GH. Pycnogenol^® inhibits immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic response in mast cells. Phytother Res 23: 1691-1695, 2009.
• Sharma SC, Sharma S, Gulati OP. Pycnogenol^® inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells. Phytother Res, 17: 66-69, 2003.
• Hosseini S, Pishnamazi S, Sadrzadeh MH, Farid F, Farid R, Watson RR. Pycnogenol^® in the management of asthma. J Med Food 4: 201-209, 2001.

Isotonix^® Multivitamin

• Abbasi AA, Prasad AS, Rabbani P, DuMouchelle E. Experimental zinc deficiency in man. Effect on testicular function. J Lab Clin Med. 1980 Sep;96(3):544-50.
• Abid M, Billington CJ, Nuttall FQ. Thyroid function and energy intake during weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999 Apr;18(2):189-93.
• Addison WLT, The use of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bromide and potassium bromide in cases of arterial hypertension which are amenable to potassium chloride. Can Med Assoc J. 1928; 18:281-285.
• Allende LM, Corell A, Madrono A, Gongora R, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Lopez-Goyanes A, Rosal M, Arnaiz-Villena A. Retinol (vitamin A) is a cofactor in CD3-induced human T-lymphocyte activation. Immunology. 1997 Mar;90(3):388-96
• Anderson RA. Effects of chromium on body composition and weight loss. Nutr Rev. 1998 Sep;56(9):266-70.
• Arthur JR. Functional indicators of iodine and selenium status. Proc Nutr Soc. 1999 May;58(2):507-12.
• Backstrom MC, Maki R, Kuusela AL, Sievanen H, Koivisto AM, Ikonen RS, Kouri T, Maki M. Randomised controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation on bone density and biochemical indices in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1999 May;80(3):F161-6.
• Bahadori B, Wallner S, Schneider H, Wascher TC, Toplak H. Effect of chromium yeast and chromium picolinate on body composition of obese, non-diabetic patients during and after a formula diet. Acta Med Austriaca. 1997;24(5):185-7.
• Baly DL, Schneiderman JS, Garcia-Welsh AL. Effect of manganese deficiency on insulin binding, glucose transport and metabolism in rat adipocytes. J Nutr. 1990; 120:1075-1079.
• Baron JA, Beach M, Mandel JS, et al. Calcium supplements for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med 1999;340:101-107.
• Baron JA, Tosteson TD, Wargovich MJ, et al. Calcium supplementation and rectal mucosal proliferation: a randomized controlled trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1303-1307.
• Bates CJ. Vitamin A. Lancet. 1995; 345:31-35.
• Baxter GF, Sumeray MS, Walker JM. Infant size and magnesium: insights into LIMIT-2 and ISIS-4 from experimental studies. Lancet. 1996; 348:1424-1426.
• Behl C. Vitamin E and other antioxidants in neuroprotection. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1999 May;69(3):213-9. 4. Botterweck AA, van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA. Vitamins, carotenoids, dietary fiber, and the risk of gastric carcinoma: results from a prospective study after 6.3 years of follow-up. Cancer. 2000 Feb 15;88(4):737-48.
• Bellamy MC, Gedney JA. Unrecognized iron deficiency in critical illness. Lancet. 1998; 352:1903.
• Beutler E, Larsh SE, Gurney CW. Iron therapy in chronically fatigued nonanemic women: a double-blind study. Ann Intern Med. 1960; 52:378-394.
• Bostick RM, Kushi LH, Wu Y, et al. Relation of calcium, vitamin D, and dairy food intake to ischemic heart disease mortality among postmenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:151-160.
• Britton J, Pavord I, Richards K, et al. Dietary magnesium, lung function, wheezing, and airway hyper-reactivity in a random adult population sample. Lancet. 1994; 344:357-362.
• Brown JE, Wahle KW Effect of fish-oil and vitamin E supplementation on lipid peroxidation and whole-blood aggregation in man. Clin Chim Acta. 1990 Dec 14;193(3):147-56.
• Brun JF, Dieu-Cambrezy C, Charpiat A, Fons C, Fedou C, Micallef JP, Fussellier M, Bardet L, Orsetti A. Serum zinc in highly trained adolescent gymnasts. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1995 Jan-Mar;47(1-3):273-8.
• Bruner AB, Joffe A, Duggan A, et al. Randomised study of cognitive effects of iron supplementation in non-anaemic iron-deficient adolescent girls. Lancet. 1996; 348:992-997.
• Buchinger W, Lorenz-Wawschinek O, Semlitsch G, Langsteger W, Binter G, Bonelli RM, Eber O. Thyrotropin and thyroglobulin as an index of optimal iodine intake: correlation with iodine excretion of 39,913 euthyroid patients. Thyroid. 1997 Aug;7(4):593-7.
• Butterfield DA, Koppal T, Subramaniam R, Yatin S. Vitamin E as an antioxidant/free radical scavenger against amyloid beta-peptide-induced oxidative stress in neocortical synaptosomal membranes and hippocampal neurons in culture: insights into Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci. 1999;10(2):141-9
• Calomme MR, Vandem Berghe DA. Supplementation of calves with s
• Cappuccio FP, MacGregor GA. Does potassium supplementation lower blood pressure? A meta-analysis of published trials. J Hypertens. 1991; 9:465-473.
• Carlisle EM. Silicon as a trace nutrient. Sci Total Environ. 1988; 73:95-106.
• Carlisle EM. The nutritional essentiality of silicon. Nutr Rev. 1982; 40:193-198.
• Casscells W. Magnesium and myocardial infarction. Lancet. 1994; 343:807-809.
• Christiansen CW, Rieder MA, Silverstein EL, Gencheff NE. Magnesium sulfate reduces myocardial infarct size when administered before but not after coronary reperfusion in a canine model. Circulation. 1995; 92:2617-2621.
• Comstock GW, Alberg AJ, Huang HY, Wu K, Burke AE, Hoffman SC, Norkus EP, Gross M, Cutler RG, Morris JS, Spate VL, Helzlsouer KJ. The risk of developing lung cancer associated with antioxidants in the blood: ascorbic acid, carotenoids, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and total peroxyl radical absorbing capacity. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Nov;6(11):907-16.
• Cooke MS, Evans MD, Podmore ID, et al. Novel repair action of vitamin C upon in vivo oxidative DNA damage. FEBS Lett. 1998; 439:363-367.
• Cooney RV, Franke AA, Hankin JH, Custer LJ, Wilkens LR, Harwood PJ, Le Marchand L. Seasonal variations in plasma micronutrients and antioxidants. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1995 Apr-May;4(3):207-15.
• Couzy F, Lafargue P, Guezennec CY. Zinc metabolism in the athlete: influence of training, nutrition and other factors. Int J Sports Med. 1990 Aug;11(4):263-6.
• Dallman PR. Iron deficiency and the immune response. Am J Clin Nutr. 1987; 46:329-334.
• Daudu PA, Kelley DS, Taylor PC, Burri BJ, Wu MM. Effect of a low beta-carotene diet on the immune functions of adult women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Dec;60(6):969-72.
• Dawson-Hughes B. Vitamin D and calcium: recommended intake for bone health. Osteoporos Int. 1998;8 Suppl 2:S30-4. 6. Feit JM. Calcium and vitamin D supplements for elderly patients. J Fam Pract. 1997 Dec;45(6):471-2.
• de Lourdes Lima M, Cruz T, Carreiro Pousada J, et al. The effect of magnesium supplementation in increasing doses on the control of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21:682-686.
• de Valk B, Marx JJM. Iron, atherosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease. Arch Int Med. 1999; 159:1542-1548.
• Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1997.
• Dorgan JF, Schatzkin A. Antioxidant micronutrients in cancer prevention. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1991 Feb;5(1):43-68.
• Dreon DM, Butterfield GE. Vitamin B6 utilization in active and inactive young men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1986 May;43(5):816-24.
• Duffy SJ, Gokce N, Holbrook M, et al. Treatment of hypertension with ascorbic acid. Lancet. 1999; 354:2048-2049.
• Durlach J, Durlach V, Bac P, et al. Magnesium and therapeutics. Magnes Res. 1994; 7:313-328.
• Elisaf M, Merkouropoulos M, Tsianos EV. Siamopoulos KC. Pathogenetic mechanisms of hypomagnesemia in alcoholic patients. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 1995; 9:210-214.
• Elitsur Y, Neace C, Liu X, Dosescu J, Moshier JA. Vitamin A and retinoic acids immunomodulation on human gut lymphocytes. Immunopharmacology. 1997 Jan;35(3):247-53.
• Enstrom JE, Kanim LE, Klein MA. Vitamin C intake and mortality among a sample of the United States population. Epidemiology. 1992; 3:194-202.
• Facchinetti F, Borella P, Sances G, et al. Oral magnesium successfully relieves premenstrual mood changes. Obstet Gynecol. 1991; 78:177-181.
• Facchinetti F, Borella P, Sances G, et al. Oral magnesium successfully relieves premenstrual mood changes. Obstet Gynecol. 1991; 78:177-181.
• Fairbanks VF. Iron in medicine and nutrition. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:193-221.
• Fang J, Madhavan S, Alderman MH. Dietary potassium intake and stroke mortality. Stroke. 2000; 31:1532-1537.
• Fields M, Lewis CG. Starch diets high in iron can duplicate the severity of copper deficiency in rats fed fructose. J Med Food. 1998; 1:193-199.
• Finch CA, Huebers H. Perspectives in iron metabolism. N Engl J Med. 1982; 306:1520-1528.
• Flatt PR, Juntti-Berggren L, Berggren PO, Gould BJ, Swanston-Flatt SK. Failure of glucose tolerance factor-containing Brewer's yeast to ameliorate spontaneous diabetes in C57BL/KsJ DB/DB mice. Diabetes Res. 1989 Mar;10(3):147-51.
• Futoryan T, Gilchrest BA. Retinoids and the skin. Nutr Rev. 1994; 52:299-310.
• Gleeson M, Bishop NC. Elite athlete immunology: importance of nutrition. Int J Sports Med. 2000 May;21 Suppl 1:S44-50.
• Grant KE, Chandler RM, Castle AL, Ivy JL. Chromium and exercise training: effect on obese women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Aug;29(8):992-8.
• Gullestad L, Dolva LO, Soyland E, et al. Oral magnesium supplementation improves metabolic variables and muscle strength in alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1992; 16:986-990.
• Guo WD, Chow WH, Zheng W, Li JY, Blot WJ. Diet, serum markers and breast cancer mortality in China. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1994 Jun;85(6):572-7.
• Harris ED. Cellular copper transport and metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr. 2000; 20:291-310.
• Harrison MD, Jones CE. Solioz M, Dameron CT. Intracellular copper routing: the role of copper chaperones. Trends Biochem Sci. 2000; 25:29-32.
• Health & Medicine. (Statistical Data Included) American Fitness, July, 1999 Tannen RL. Effects of potassium on blood pressure control. Ann Intern Med. 1983; 98(part 2):773-780.
• Hemila H, Douglas RM. Vitamin C and acute respiratory infections. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999; 3:756-761.
• Hermans JJ, Fischer MA, Schiffers PM, Struijker-Boudier HA. High dietary potassium chloride intake augments rat renal mineralocorticoid receptor selectivity via 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999; 1472:537-549.
• Hermansen K. Diet, blood pressure and hypertension. Br J Nutr. 2000; 83 Supp1:S113-S119.
• Hintze G, Kobberling J. Dietary iodine deficiency. Its consequences in the aged. Fortschr Med. 1992 Apr 10;110(10):163-6.
• Huebers HA, Beguin Y, Pootrakul P, et al. Intact transferrin receptors in human plasma and their relation to erythropoiesis. Blood. 1990; 75:102-107.
• Hughes K, Chua LH, Ong CN. Serum selenium in the general population of Singapore, 1993 to 1995. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1998 Jul;27(4):520-3.
• Hunt CD, Johnson PE, Herbel J, Mullen LK. Effects of dietary zinc depletion on seminal volume and zinc loss, serum testosterone concentrations, and sperm morphology in young men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Jul;56(1):148-57.
• Hwang J, Peterson H, Hodis HN, et al. Ascorbic acid enhances 17 beta-estradiol-mediated inhibition of oxidized low density lipoprotein formation. Atherosclerosis. 2000; 150:275-284.
• Ishimitsu T, Tobian L, Sugimoto K, Everson T. High potassium diets reduce vascular and plasma lipid peroxides in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens. 1996; 18:659-673
• Ishimitsu T, Tobian L, Sugimoto K, Lange JM. High potassium diets reduce macrophage adherence to vascular wall in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Vasc Res. 1995; 32:406-412.
• Ishimitsu T, Tobian L, Uehara Y, et al. Effect of high potassium diets on the vascular and renal prostaglandin system in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1995; 53:255-260.
• Ishimitsu T, Tobian L. High potassium diets reduce endothelial permeability in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1997; 23:241-245.
• ISIS-4 (Fourth International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. ISIS-4: a randomised factorial trial assessing early oral captopril, oral mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulfate in 58,050 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet. 1995; 345:669-685.
• Jacobson SG, Cideciyan AV, Regunath G, et al. Night blindness in Sorsby's fundus dystrophy reversed by vitamin A. Nature Gen. 1995; 11:27-32.
• Jin L, ChaoL, Chao J. Potassium supplement upregulates the expression of renal kalikrein and bradykinin B2 receptor in SHR. Am J Physiol. 1999; 276:F476-F484.
• Johnson WT, Thomas AC. Copper deprivation potentiates oxidative stress in HL-60 cell mitochondria. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999; 221:147-152.
• Kao WHL, Folsom AR, Nieto J, et al. Serum and dietary magnesium and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (editorial). Arch. Int Med. 1999; 159:2151-2159.
• Khaw K-T, Barrett-Conner E. Dietary potassium and stroke-associated mortality. N Engl J Med. 1987; 316:235-240.
• Klevay LM. Cardiovascular disease from copper deficiency — a history. J Nutr. 2000; 130:489S-492S.
• Klevay LM. Coronary heart disease: the zinc/copper hypothesis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1975; 28:764-774.
• Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Seppanen R, Rissanen A, Aromaa A, Heinonen OP, Albanes D, Heinonen M, Pukkala E, Teppo L. Dietary antioxidants and the risk of lung cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Sep 1;134(5):471-9.
• Krieger D, Krieger S, Jansen O, et al. Manganese and chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Lancet. 1995; 346:270-274.
• Krishna GG, Miller E, Kapoor S. Increased blood pressure during potassium depletion in normotensive men. N Eng J Med. 1989; 320:1177-1182.
• Krotkiewski M, Gudmundsson M, Backstrom P, Mandroukas K. Zinc and muscle strength and endurance. Acta Physiol Scand. 1982 Nov;116(3):309-11.
• Kung AW, Janus ED. Thyroid dysfunction in ambulatory elderly Chinese subjects in an area of borderline iodine intake. Thyroid. 1996 Apr;6(2):111-4.
• Lamberg L. Diet may affect skin cancer prevention. JAMA. 1998 May 13;279(18):1427-8.
• Lee M-O, Han S-Y, Jiang S, et al. Differential effects of retinoic acid on growth and apoptosis in human colon cancer cell lines associated with the induction of retinoic acid receptor beta. Biochem Pharmacol. 2000; 59:485-496.
• Lim R, Herzog WR. Magnesium for cardiac patients: is it a valuable treatment supplement? Contemp Int Med. 1998; 10:6-9.
• Lin H, Young DB. Interactions between plasma potassium and epinephrine in coronary thrombosis in dogs. Circulation. 1994; 89:331-338.
• Loeper J, Goy-Loeper J, Rozensztajn L, Fragny M. The antiatheromatous action of silicon. Atherosclerosis. 1979; 33:397-408.
• LoPresti JS, Gray D, Nicoloff JT. Influence of fasting and refeeding on 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine metabolism in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991 Jan;72(1):130-6.
• Lucas MJ, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333:201-205.
• Lukaski HC. Magnesium, zinc, and chromium nutriture and physical activity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Aug;72(2 Suppl):585S-93S.
• Luoma P. Antioxidants, infections and environmental factors in health and disease in northern Finland. Int J Circumpolar Health. 1998 Jul;57(2-3):109-13.
• Ma G, Young DB, Clower BR. Inverse relationship between potassium intake and coronary artery disease in the cholesterol-fed rabbit. Am J Hypertens. 1999; 12:821-825.
• Manore MM. Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Aug;72(2 Suppl):598S-606S.
• Martini LA. Magnesium supplementation and bone turnover. Nutr Rev. 1999; 57:227-229.
• Mauskop A, Altura BM. Role of magnesium in the pathogenesis and treatment of migraines. Clin Neurosci. 1998; 5:24-27.
• McCabe RD, Backarich MA, Srivastava K, Young DB. Potassium inhibits free radical formation. Hypertension. 1994; 24:77-82.
• McCabe RD, Young DB. Potassium inhibits cultural vascular smooth muscle proliferation. Am J Hypertens. 1994; 7:346-350.
• McCarty MF. Chromium and other insulin sensitizers may enhance glucagon secretion: implications for hypoglycemia and weight control. Med Hypotheses. 1996 Feb;46(2):77-80.
• McDonald R, Keen CL. Iron, zinc and magnesium nutrition and athletic performance. Sports Med. 1988 Mar;5(3):171-84.
• Meunier PJ. Calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K in the prevention of fractures due to osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 1999;9 Suppl 2:S48-52.
• Miller ER 3rd, Appel LJ, Levander OA, Levine DM. The effect of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on traditional cardiovascular risk factors. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1997 Feb;4(1):19-24.
• Miller JW. Vitamin E and memory: is it vascular protection? Nutr Rev. 2000 Apr;58(4):109-11. Bell L, Halstenson CE, Halstenson CJ, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effects of calcium carbonate in patients with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Arch Intern Med. 1992; 152:2441-2444.
• Morse AC, Beard JL, Jones BC. A genetic development model of iron deficiency: biological aspects. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999; 220:147-152.
• Ness AR, Chee D, Elliot P. Vitamin C and blood pressure—an overview. J Hum Hypertens. 1997; 11:343-350.
• Nielsen FH. Ultratrace minerals. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:283-303.
• Nielsen FH. Ultratrace minerals. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 199:283-303.
• Nishi Y. Anemia and zinc deficiency in the athlete. J Am Coll Nutr. 1996 Aug;15(4):323-4.
• Orchard TJ. Magnesium and type 2 diabetes mellitus (editorial). Arch Int Med. 1999; 159:2119-2120. Keen CL, Ensunsa JL, Watson MH, et al. Nutritional aspects of manganese from experimental studies. Neurotoxicol. 1999; 20:213-223.
• Paul T, Meyers B, Witorsch RJ, Pino S, Chipkin S, Ingbar SH, Braverman LE. The effect of small increases in dietary iodine on thyroid function in euthyroid subjects. Metabolism. 1988 Feb;37(2):121-4.
• Pauling L. Evolution and the need for ascorbic acid. Proc Natl Acad SciUSA. 1970; 67:1643-1648.
• Pauling L. The significance of the evidence about ascorbic acid and the common cold. Proc Natl Acad SciUSA. 1971; 68:2678-2681.
• Penn ND, Purkins L, Kelleher J, Heatley RV, Mascie-Taylor BH, Belfield PW. The effect of dietary supplementation with vitamins A, C and E on cell-mediated immune function in elderly long-stay patients: a randomized controlled trial. Age Ageing. 1991 May;20(3):169-74.
• Podmore ID, Griffiths HR, Herbert KE, et al. Vitamin C exhibits pro-oxidant effects. Nature. 1998; 392:559.
• Prasad AS, Cossack ZT. Neutrophil zinc: an indicator of zinc status in man. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1982;95:165-76.
• Prasad AS. Zinc deficiency in human subjects. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1983;129:1-33.
• Rayssiguier Y, Gueux E, Bussiere L, Mazur A. Copper deficiency increases the susceptibility of lipoproteins and tissues to peroxidation in rats. J Nutr. 1993; 123:1343-1348.
• Reading SA. Chromium picolinate. J Fla Med Assoc. 1996 Jan;83(1):29-31.
• Reinhardt W, Holtermann D, Benker G, Olbricht T, Jaspers C, Reinwein D. Effect of small doses of iodine on thyroid function during caloric restriction in normal subjects. Horm Res. 1993;39(3-4):132-7.
• Rico H, Gallego-Lago JL, Hernandez ER, at al. Effect of silicon supplement on osteopenia induced by ovariectomy in rats. Calcif Tissue Int. 2000; 66:53-55.
• Robuschi G, Emanuele R, Cavalli Sforza LT, Arsenio L, Strata A, Gnudi A, Roti E. Effect of iodine administration on thyroid function in diabetic patients. Acta Diabetol Lat. 1984 Oct-Dec;21(4):357-60.
• Rock E, Mazur A, O'Connor JM, et al. The effect of copper supplementation on red blood cell oxidizability and plasma antioxidants in Middle-aged healthy volunteers. Free Rad Biol Med. 2000; 28:324-329.
• Rokitzki L, Sagredos A, Keck E, Sauer B, Keul J. Assessment of vitamin B2 status in performance athletes of various types of sports. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1994 Feb;40(1):11-22.
• Ross AC, Stephensen CB. Vitamin A and retinoids in antiviral responses. FASEB J. 1996; 10:979-985.
• Ross AC. Vitamin A and retinoids. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:305-327.
• Saari JT, Sahuschke DA. Cardiovascular effects of dietary copper deficiency. Biofactors. 1999; 10:359-375.
• Schwarz K. A bound form of silicon in glycosaminoglycans and polyuronides. Proc Nat Acad Sci. 1973; 70:1608-1612.
• Schwarz K. Silicon, fibre, and atherosclerosis. Lancet. 1977; 1:454-457.
• Scrimshaw NS, San Giovanni JP. Synergism of nutrition, infection, and immunity: an overview. Am J Clin N. 1997; 66:464S-477S.
• Semba RD. The role of vitamin A and related retinoids in immune function. Nutr Rev. 1998 Jan;56(1 Pt 2):S38-48.
• Semba RD. Vitamin A and immunity to viral, bacterial and protozoan infections. Proc Nutr Soc. 1999 Aug;58(3):719-27.
• Semba RD. Vitamin A, immunity, and infection. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Sep;19(3):489-99.
• Shephard RJ, Shek PN. Immunological hazards from nutritional imbalance in athletes. Exerc Immunol Rev. 1998;4:22-48.
• Silva JE. Effects of iodine and iodine-containing compounds on thyroid function. Med Clin North Am. 1985 Sep;69(5):881-98.
• Singh MA. Combined exercise and dietary intervention to optimize body composition in aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 Nov 20;854:378-93.
• Skaper SD, Fabris M, Ferrari V, et al. quercetin protects cutaneous tissue-associated cell types including sensory neurons from oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion: cooperative effects of ascorbic acid. Free Rad Biol Med. 1997; 22:669-678.
• Sohlenius-Sternbeck A-K, Appelkvist E-L, De Pierre JW. Effects of vitamin A deficiency on selected xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and defenses against oxidative stress in mouse liver. Biochem Pharmacol. 2000; 59:377-383.
• Stahelin HB. Critical reappraisal of vitamins and trace minerals in nutritional support of cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 1993 Nov;1(6):295-7.
• Strause L, Saltman P, Glowacki J. The effect of deficiencies of manganese and copper on osteo-induction and on resorption of bone particles in rats. Calcif Tissue Int. 1987; 41:145-150
• Suboticanec K, Stavljenic A, Bilic-Pesic L, Gorajscan M, Gorajscan D, Brubacher G, Buzina R. Nutritional status, grip strength, and immune function in institutionalized elderly. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1989;59(1):20-8.
• Sugimoto K, Tobian L, Ishimutsu T, Lange JM. High potassium diets greatly increase growth-inhibiting agents in aortas of hypertensive rats. Hypertension. 1992; 19:749-752.
• Sugimoto T, Tobian L, Ganguli MC. High potassium diets protect against dysfunction of endothelial cells in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension. 1988:11:579-585.
• Suzuki M, Itokawa Y. Effects of thiamine supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue. Metab Brain Dis. 1996 Mar;11(1):95-106.
• Taddei S, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, et al. Vitamin C improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation by restoring nitric oxide activity in essential hypertension. Circulation. 1998; 97:2222-2229.
• Takahashi T, Fujimori K, Simon SL, Bechtner G, Edwards R, Trott KR. Thyroid nodules, thyroid function and dietary iodine in the Marshall islands. Int J Epidemiol. 1999 Aug;28(4):742-9.
• Tannen RL. Effects of potassium on blood pressure control. Ann Intern Med. 1983; 98(part 2):773-780.
• Taylor PR, Li B, Dawsey SM, Li JY, Yang CS, Guo W, Blot WJ. Prevention of esophageal cancer: the nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China. Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trials Study Group. Cancer Res. 1994 Apr 1;54(7 Suppl):2029s-2031s.
• Thilly CH, Swennen B, Bourdoux P, Ntambue K, Moreno-Reyes R, Gillies J, Vanderpas JB. The epidemiology of iodine-deficiency disorders in relation to goitrogenic factors and thyroid-stimulating-hormone regulation. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993 Feb;57(2 Suppl):267S-270S.
• Thurnham DI. Micronutrients and immune function: some recent developments. J Clin Pathol. 1997 Nov;50(11):887-91.
• Tobian L. Salt and hypertension. Lessons from animal models that relate to human hypertension. Hypertension. 1991; 17:152-158.
• Toyama T, Kubuki Y, Suzuki M. Tsubouchi H. [Copper deficiency anemia and neutropenia secondary to total gastrectomy]. [Article in Japanese]. Rinsho Ketsueki. 2000; 41:441-443.
• Trent LK, Thieding-Cancel D. Effects of chromium picolinate on body composition. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1995 Dec;35(4):273-80.
• Turnlund Jr. Copper. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M. Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in health and Disease, 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:241-252.
• Underwood BA, Arthur P. The contribution of vitamin A to public health. FASEB J. 1996; 10:1040-1048
• Uusitupa MI, Mykkanen L, Siitonen O, Laakso M, Sarlund H, Kolehmainen P, Rasanen T, Kumpulainen J, Pyorala K. Chromium supplementation in impaired glucose tolerance of elderly: effects on blood glucose, plasma insulin, C-peptide and lipid levels. Br J Nutr. 1992 Jul;68(1):209-16.
• van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA, van 't Veer P, Bode P, Dorant E, Hermus RJ, Sturmans F. A prospective cohort study on selenium status and the risk of lung cancer. Cancer Res. 1993 Oct 15;53(20):4860-5.
• van der Heyden JT, Docter R, van Toor H, Wilson JH, Hennemann G, Krenning EP. Effects of caloric deprivation on thyroid hormone tissue uptake and generation of low-T3 syndrome. Am J Physiol. 1986 Aug;251(2 Pt 1):E156-63.
• Van Hooser JP, Aleman TS, He Y-G, et al. Rapid restoration of visual pigment and function with oral retinoid in a mouse model of childhood blindness. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000; 97:8623-8628.
• Vatassery GT, Bauer T, Dysken M. High doses of vitamin E in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system in the aged. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Nov;70(5):793-801.
• Vatassery GT. Vitamin E and other endogenous antioxidants in the central nervous system. Geriatrics. 1998 Sep;53 Suppl 1:S25-7.
• Waggoner DJ, Bartnikas TB, Gitlin JD. The role of copper in neurodegenerative disease. Neurobiology of Disease. 1999; 6:221-230.
• Wahl R, Pilz-Mittenburg KW, Heer W, Kallee E. Iodine content in diet and excretion of iodine in urine. Z Ernahrungswiss. 1995 Dec;34(4):269-76.
• Walker LS, Bemben MG, Bemben DA, Knehans AW. Chromium picolinate effects on body composition and muscular performance in wrestlers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998 Dec;30(12):1730-7.
• Wang Y, Mackenzie B, Tsukaguchi H, et al. Human vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) transporter SVCT1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000; 267:488-494.
• Wargovich MJ, Eng VWS, Newmark HL. Calcium inhibits the damaging and compensatory proliferative effects of fatty acids on mouse colon epithelium. Cancer Lett. 1984; 23:253-258.
• Weaver CM, Heaney RP. Calcium. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:141-155.
• West KP Jr, Pokhrel RP, Katz J, et al. Efficacy of vitamin A in reducing preschool child mortality in Nepal. Lancet. 1991; 338:67-71.
• West SG, Light KC, Hinderliter AL, et al. Potassium supplementation induces beneficial cardiovascular changes during rest and stress in salt sensitive individuals. Health Psychol. 1999; 18:229-240.
• Whelton PK, He J, Cutler JA, et al. Effects of oral potassium on blood pressure. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical triglyceride trials. JAMA. 1997; 277:1624-1632.
• Wolf RL, Cauley JA, Baker CE, et al. Factors associated with calcium absorption efficiency in pre- and perimenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72:466-471.
• Young DB, Lin H, McCabe RD. Potassium's cardiovascular protective mechanisms. Am J Physiol. 1995; 268:R825-R837.
• Young DB, Ma G. Vascular protective effects of potassium. Semin Nephrol. 1999; 19:477-486.
• Zemel MB, Shi H, Greer B, et al. Regulation of adiposity by dietary calcium. FASEB J. 2000; 14:1132-1138.
• Zhou B, Wang T, Sun G, Guan P, Wu JM. A case-control study of the relationship between dietary factors and risk of lung cancer in women of Shenyang, China. Oncol Rep. 1999 Jan-Feb;6(1):139-43.
• Zhou MS, Nishida Y, Yoneyama H, et al. Potassium supplementation increases sodium excretion in hypertensive Dahl rats. Clin Exp Hypertens.

Isotonix^® Activated B-Complex

• Benton D., et al. Thiamine supplementation for mood and cognitive functioning. Psychopharmacology. 129(1):66-71, 1997.
• Benton, D., et al. The effects of nutrients on mood. Public Health Nutr. 2(3A):403-409, 1999.
• Bhagavan, H. N., et al. The effect of pyridoxine hydrochloride on blood serotonin and pyridoxal phosphate contents in hyperactive children. Pediatrics. 55(3):437-441, 1975.
• Bronstrup A, Hages M, Prinz-Langenohl R, Pietrzik K. Effects of folic acid and
• Bryan, J., et al. Associations between dietary intake of folate and vitamins B-12 and B-6 and self-reported cognitive function and psychological well-being in Australian men and women in midlife. J Nutr Health Aging. 8(4):226-232, 2004.
• Bryan, J., et al. Short-term folate, vitamin B-12 or vitamin B-6 supplementation slightly affects memory performance but not mood in women of various ages. Journal of Nutrition. 132(6):1345-1356, 2002.
• combinations of folic acid and vitamin B12 on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy young women. Am J Clin Nutr 68:1104-10, 1998.
• Coppen, A., et al. Plasma folate and affective morbidity during long-term lithium therapy. Br J Psychiatry. 141:87-89, 1982.
• Cummings, P. M., et al. Effect of folic acid and antioxidant vitamins on endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 36:758-765, 2000.
• Dharmarajan, T. S., et al. Vitamin B12 deficiency. Recognizing subtle symptoms in older adults. Geriatrics. 58(3):30-34, 2003.
• Doshi, S. N., et al. Folic acid improves endothelial function in coronary artery disease via mechanisms largely independent of homocysteine lowering. Circulation. 105(1):22-26, 2002.
• Duthie, S. J., et al. Homocysteine, B vitamin status, and cognitive function in the elderly. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 75(5):908-913, 2002.
• Friso, S., et al. Low plasma vitamin B-6 concentrations and modulation of coronary artery disease risk. Am J Clin Nutr. 79(6):992-998, 2004.
• Grant, J. E., et al. Analysis of dietary intake and selected nutrient concentrations in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Am Diet Assoc. 96(4):383-386, 1996.
• Hartvig, P., et al. Pyridoxine effect on synthesis rate of serotonin in the monkey brain measured with position emission tomography. Neural Trans. 102:91-97, 1995.
• Heap, L. C., et al. Vitamin B status in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J R Soc Med. 92(4):183-185, 1999.
• Heseker, H., et al. Psychological disorders as early symptoms of a mild-to-moderate vitamin deficiency. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 669:352-357, 1992.
• Jacobson, W., et al. Serum folate and chronic fatigue syndrome. Neurology. 43:2645-2647, 1993.
• Kelly, G. S. Nutritional and botanical interventions to assist with the adaptation to stress. Alternative Medicine Review.4(4):249-265, 1999.
• Litoff, D., et al. Effects of pantothenic acid supplementation on human exercise. Med Sci Sport Exercise., 17(Supplement):287, 1985.
• Osada, K., et al. Experimental study of fatigue provoked by biotin deficiency in mice. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 74(5):334-340, 2004.
• Quadri, P., et al. Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B-12 in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia. Am J Clin Nutr. 80(1):114-122, 2004.
• Riggs, K. M., et al. Relations of vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, folate, and homocysteine to cognitive performance in the Normative Aging Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 63(3):306-314, 1996.
• Van den Berg M., et al. Combined vitamin B-6 plus folic acid therapy in young patients with arteriosclerosis and hyperhomocysteinemia. Journal Vascular Surgery. 20(6):933-940, 1994.
• van Oort FV, Melse-Boonstra A, Brouwer IA, et al. Folic acid and reduction of plasma homocysteine concentrations in older adults: a dose-response study. 77:1318-23, 2003.
• Vargiu, R., et al. Enhancement of muscular performance by a coformulation of propionyl-L-carnitine, coenzyme Q(10), nicotinamide, riboflavin and pantothenic acid in the rat. Physiol Behav. 76(2):257-63, 2002.
• Wald DS, Bishop L, Wald NJ, et al. Randomized trial of folic acid supplementation and serum homocysteine levels. Arch Intern Med 61:695-700, 2001.
• Werbach, M. R. Nutritional strategies for treating chronic fatigue syndrome. Alternative Medicine Review. 5(2):93-108, 2000.
• Woo, K. S., et al. Long-term improvement in homocysteine levels and arterial endothelial function after 1-year folic acid supplementation. American Journal of Medicine. 112(7):535-539, 2002.

Isotonix^® Calcium Plus:

• Allender PS, Cutler JA, Follman D, et al. Dietary calcium and blood pressure: meta—analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:825-831.
• Altura BM, Altura BT. Role of magnesium and calcium in alcohol-induced hypertension and strokes as probed by in vivo television microscopy, digital image microscopy, optical spectroscopy, 31P-NMR, spectroscopy and a unique magnesium ion-selective electrode. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1994; 18:1057-1068.
• Baly DL, Schneiderman JS, Garcia-Welsh AL. Effect of manganese deficiency on insulin binding, glucose transport and metabolism in rat adipocytes. J Nutr. 1990; 120:1075-1079.
• Baron JA, Beach M, Mandel JS, et al. Calcium supplements for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med 1999;340:101-107.
• Baron JA, Tosteson TD, Wargovich MJ, et al. Calcium supplementation and rectal mucosal proliferation: a randomized controlled trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1303-1307.
• Baxter GF, Sumeray MS, Walker JM. Infant size and magnesium: insights into LIMIT-2 and ISIS-4 from experimental studies. Lancet. 1996; 348:1424-1426.
• Beattie JH, Peace HS. The influence of a low-boron diet and boron supplementation on bone, major mineral and sex steroid metabolism in postmenopausal women. Br J Nutr. 1993 May;69(3):871-84.
• Bell L, Halstenson CE, Halstenson CJ, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effects of calcium carbonate in patients with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Arch Intern Med. 1992; 152:2441-2444.
• Bostick RM, Kushi LH, Wu Y, et al. Relation of calcium, vitamin D, and dairy food intake to ischemic heart disease mortality among postmenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:151-160.
• Britton J, Pavord I, Richards K, et al. Dietary magnesium, lung function, wheezing, and airway hyper-reactivity in a random adult population sample. Lancet. 1994; 344:357-362.
• Buckley LM, Leib ES, Cartularo KS, et al. Calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation prevents bone loss in the spine secondary to low-dose corticosteroids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:961-968.
• Casscells W. Magnesium and myocardial infarction. Lancet. 1994; 343:807-809.
• Christiansen CW, Rieder MA, Silverstein EL, Gencheff NE. Magnesium sulfate reduces myocardial infarct size when administered before but not after coronary reperfusion in a canine model. Circulation. 1995; 92:2617-2621.
• Christin Marandino, Vegetarian Times, August 1998
• Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, et al. Comparison of dietary calcium with supplemental calcium and other nutrients as factors affecting the risk of kidney stones in women. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:497-504.
• Dawson-Hughes B, Harris SS, Krall EA, Dallal GE. Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density on men and women 65 years of age and older. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337:670-676.
• de Lourdes Lima M, Cruz T, Carreiro Pousada J, et al. The effect of magnesium supplementation in increasing doses on the control of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21:682-686.
• Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1997.
• Durlach J, Durlach V, Bac P, et al. Magnesium and therapeutics. Magnes Res. 1994; 7:313-328.
• Elisaf M, Merkouropoulos M, Tsianos EV. Siamopoulos KC. Pathogenetic mechanisms of hypomagnesemia in alcoholic patients. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 1995; 9:210-214.
• Facchinetti F, Borella P, Sances G, et al. Oral magnesium successfully relieves premenstrual mood changes. Obstet Gynecol. 1991; 78:177-181.
• Garland CF, Garland FC, Gorham ED. Calcium and vitamin D. Their potential roles in colon and breast cancer prevention. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1999; 889:107-119.
• Gong H, Amemiya T. Optic nerve changes in manganese-deficient rats. Exp Eye Res. 1999; 68:313-320.
• Gullestad L, Dolva LO, Soyland E, et al. Oral magnesium supplementation improves metabolic variables and muscle strength in alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1992; 16:986-990.
• Health & Medicine. (Statistical Data Included) American Fitness, July, 1999 Tannen RL. Effects of potassium on blood pressure control. Ann Intern Med. 1983; 98(part 2):773-780.
• Heaney RP. Calcium, dairy products and osteoporosis. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000; 19(2 Suppl):83S-99S.
• Hussain S, Ali SF. Manganese scavenges superoxide and hydroxyl radicals: an in vitro study in rats. Neuroscience Letters. 1999; 261:21-24.
• ISIS-4 (Fourth International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. ISIS-4: a randomised factorial trial assessing early oral captopril, oral mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulfate in 58,050 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet. 1995; 345:669-685.
• Jorde R, Sundsfjord J, Haug E, et al. Relation between low calcium intake, parathyroid hormone, and blood pressure. Hypertension 2000;35:1154-1159.
• Kao WHL, Folsom AR, Nieto J, et al. Serum and dietary magnesium and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (editorial). Arch. Int Med. 1999; 159:2151-2159.
• Keen CL, Ensunsa JL, Watson MH, et al. Nutritional aspects of manganese from experimental studies. Neurotoxicol. 1999; 20:213-223.
• Krieger D, Krieger S, Jansen O, et al. Manganese and chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Lancet. 1995; 346:270-274.
• Lim R, Herzog WR. Magnesium for cardiac patients: is it a valuable treatment supplement? Contemp Int Med. 1998; 10:6-9.
• Lipkin M, Newmark H. Effect of added dietary calcium on colonic epithelial-cell proliferation in subjects at high risk for familial colonic cancer. N Engl J Med. 1985; 313:1381-1384.
• Lucas MJ, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333:201-205.
• Martini LA. Magnesium supplementation and bone turnover. Nutr Rev. 1999; 57:227-229.
• Mauskop A, Altura BM. Role of magnesium in the pathogenesis and treatment of migraines. Clin Neurosci. 1998; 5:24-27.
• Naghii MR, Wall PM, Samman S. The boron content of selected foods and the estimation of its daily intake among free-living subjects. J Am Coll Nutr. 1996 Dec;15(6):614-9.
• Newnham RE. Essentiality of boron for healthy bones and joints. Environ Health Perspect. 1994;102:83-85
• Nielsen FH. Studies on the relationship between boron and magnesium which possibly affects the formation and maintenance of bones. Magnes Trace Elem. 1990;9:61-69
• Nielsen FH. Ultratrace minerals. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:283-303.
• Oginni LM, Sharp CA, Worsfold M, et al. Healing of rickets after calcium supplementation. Lancet. 1999; 353:296-297.
• Orchard TJ. Magnesium and type 2 diabetes mellitus (editorial). Arch Int Med. 1999; 159:2119-2120.
• Paolisso G, Sgamabato S, Pizza G, et al. Improved insulin response and action by chronic magnesium administration in aged NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1989; 12:265-269.
• Peikert A, Wilimzig C, Kohne-Volland R. Prophylaxis of migraine with oral magnesium: results from a prospective, multi-center, placebo-controlled and double-blind randomized study. Cephalalgia. 1996; 16:257-263.
• Penland J.G. The importance of boron nutrition for brain and psychological function. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1998; 66:299-317.
• Recker RR. Calcium absorption and achlorhydria. N Engl J Med. 1985; 313:70-73. Reid IR, Ames RW, Evans MC, et al. Effect of calcium supplementation on bone loss in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328:460-464.
• Rivlin RS. Magnesium deficiency and alcohol intake: mechanisms, clinical significance and possible relation to cancer development (a review). J Am Coll Nutr. 1994; 13:416-423.
• Roberts JM. Magnesium for preeclampsia and eclampsia. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333:250-251.